CHOLIC ACID (3ALPHA,7ALPHA,12ALPHA-TRIHYDROXY-5BETA-CHOLANIC ACID)

CHOLIC ACID

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO.

81-25-4

CHOLIC ACID

EINECS NO.

201-337-8

FORMULA C₂₄H₄₀O₅

MOL WT. 408.58

H.S. CODE

TOXICITY

SYNONYMS Cholanic acid

3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-Trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid; (3alpha,5beta,7alpha,12alpha)- 3,7,12- Trihydroxy-, Cholan-24-oic acid; (+)-Cholic acid;

SMILES

CLASSIFICATION

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE

white to off-white crystalline powder

MELTING POINT 200 - 201 C

BOILING POINT

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

SOLUBILITY IN WATER Soluble

VAPOR DENSITY

AUTOIGNITION

NFPA RATINGS

REFRACTIVE INDEX

FLASH POINT

STABILITY

Stable under ordinary conditions.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS

Bile is a bitter, yellow to greenish fluid composed of glycine or taurine conjugated bile salts, cholesterol, phospholipid, bilirubin diglucuronide, and electrolytes. It is secreted by the liver and delivered to the duodenum to aid the process of digestion and fat absorption by emulsification of fat products in the upper small intestine. They play role dissolving cholesterol and accretes into lumps in the gall bladder, forming gallstones. Bile's bicarbonate constituents serves for alkalinizing the intestinal contents. Bile is responsible for as the route of excretion for hemoglobin breakdown products (bilirubin). Excretion of bile salts by liver cells and secretion of bicarbonate rich fluid by ductular cells in response to secretin are the major factors which normally determine the volume of secretion. Bile acids are liver-generated steroid carboxylic acids. The primary bile acids (cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid) are conjugated with either glycine or taurine in the form of taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid. The secondary bile acids (deoxycholic, lithocholic, and ursodeoxycholic acid) are formed from the primary bile acids by the action of intestinal bacteria. They are soluble in alcohol and acetic acid. The lithocolyl conjugates are relatively insoluble; excreted mostly in the form of sulfate esters like sulfolithocholylglycine. Most of the bile acids are reabsorbed and returned to the liver via enterohepatic circulation, where, after free acids are reconjugated, they are again excreted.

Cholic Acid
Methyl Cholate
Deoxycholic Acid
Dehydrocholic Acid
Methyl Deoxycholate
Chenodeoxycholic Acid
Methyl Chenodeoxycholate
Sodium Glycocholate
Glycodeoxycholic Acid
Sodium Glycodeoxycholate
Sodium Taurocholate
Sodium Taurodeoxycholate
Ursodeoxycholic acid

Commecial bile acids' application fields include:

Experimental basis of cathartics, cholagogues
Preventing and dissolving gallstones.
As an intermediate for the production of corticosteroid structure drugs to treat various disorders such as pain or inflammation, brain tumors, skin diseases, and allergic reactions.
As detergents to emulsify biological fats.
Vaccine delivery system

EXAMPLES OF NATURALLY OCCURRING CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
(excluding fatty acids)

Pyruvic acid	Lactic Acid	Cholic acid	Nicotinic acid

metabolic intermediate	metabolic intermediate	from bile	vitamin B

Citric acid	Malic Acid	Biotin	Abietic acid

in plants	in fruits	cell growth factor	pine rosin